This seminar took place on 13 September 2006 in Lyon, France, in the frame of the Preparatory days of the IX International Congress of Educating Cities that was held on 14-17 September 2006 in Lyon, France. It was organized by EUCIS-LLL is close collaboration with French organisations: Ligue de lenseignement, CEMEA, Francas and Leo Lagrange. More than 160 persons came to discuss, exchange and compare, their reflections on the role of non formal education in the city and on its role for and with citizens. Participants represented local authorities, local and national associations, European and International networks. Olof Olafsdottir, from the Council of Europe, was one of the keynote speakers. Participants were invited to compare their local situations in order to draw a first balance of the situation and to make a first set of proposals. A synthesis of the various workshops is available in French.